CCS is becoming more concrete. Alongside cement plants, waste-to-energy plants are among the most relevant use cases: they have significant, hard-to-avoid emissions, may be included in the EU ETS in the future, and contain a biogenic CO₂ share that could open up CDR opportunities. Still, project development remains difficult. Mainly because an investment in CCS is often hard to justify economically under today’s conditions. On the cost side are CO₂ abatement costs: What does

Over the past few years, many utilities have sharpened their strategic direction. The broad lines have become clearer: decarbonization, expansion of renewable generation, the heat transition, and greater system flexibility. That also shifts the challenge. Because between a strategic target picture and successful execution lies a phase that is becoming particularly demanding for many utilities: turning strategic guardrails into concrete capital decisions. This is exactly where

A New Phase: Between Ambition and Reality Industrial decarbonization in Europe is entering a new phase. The ambition remains high, the European Union still targets a 90 percent emissions reduction by 2040, but the path forward is becoming less linear. Policy negotiations are slowing. Competitiveness concerns dominate boardrooms. Investment appetite is tightening. Some observers now call for a “climate reset,” arguing for a more pragmatic approach; others dismiss the term as a